Cat No.: 32180 Other Names: UNQ3115/PRO10196
Introduction
FGF21 is a metabolic hormone mainly produced in liver. It regulates glucose and lipid metabolism through pleiotropic actions in
multiple tissues, and protects against metabolic damages under various stresses. In humans, high circulating FGF21 levels are
found in obesity and multiple cardiometabolic disorders, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease and coronary artery disease. Serum FGF21 is a potential biomarker for the early detection and risk prediction of these
diseases.
Principle of the Assay
This assay is a quantitative sandwich ELISA. The immunoplate is precoated with a rabbit polyclonal antibody specific for mouse
FGF-21. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any mouse FGF-21 present is bound by the immobilized antibody.
After washing away any unbound substances, a biotin labelled polyclonal antibody specific for mouse FGF-21 is added to the wells. After wash step to remove any unbound reagents, streptavidin-HRP conjugate (STP-HRP) is added. After the last wash step, an
HRP substrate solution is added and colour develops in proportion to the amount of mouse FGF-21 bound initially. The assay is
stopped and the optical density of the wells determined using a microplate reader. Since the increases in absorbance are directly
proportional to the amount of captured mouse FGF-21, the unknown sample concentration can be interpolated from a reference
curve included in each assay.
Assay Performance
A. Typical representation of standard curve
The following standard curve is provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of sample
assay.
FGF-21 (pg/mL) | Absorbance (450 nm) | Blanked Absorbance |
0 | 0.109 | 0 |
31.2 | 0.132 | 0.023 |
62.5 | 0.158 | 0.049 |
125 | 0.209 | 0.1 |
250 | 0.309 | 0.2 |
500 | 0.571 | 0.462 |
1000 | 1.031 | 0.992 |
2000 | 1.9 | 1.791 |
B. Sensitivity
The lowest level of mouse FGF-21 that can be detected by this assay is 31.2 pg/mL.
C. Specificity
Cross reactivity of recombinant proteins
Analyte | Cross Reactivity |
Human FGF-21 | No |
Mouse Mup-1 | No |
Mouse LCN2 | No |
Mouse Adiponectin | No |
Mouse ANGPL4 | No |
D. Precision
Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay) C.V.<8%.
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays) C.V.<10%.
E. Recovery
The recovery of the assay was determined by adding various amounts FGF21 to a sample. The measured concentration of the
spiked sample in the assay was compared to the expected concentration. The average recovery was 92%.
F. Linearity
To assess the linearity of the assay, a sample with high level of FGF-21 was serially diluted with the 1×Assay buffer to produce
samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
Dilution | Measured (pg/mL) | Expected (pg/mL) | Recovery (%) |
1/2 | 1360 | 1360 | 100 |
1/4 | 680 | 680 | 101 |
1/8 | 380 | 340 | 111 |
1/16 | 200 | 170 | 115 |
Publications Citing This Product
1. Li H, Gao Z, Zhang J, Ye X, Xu A, Ye J, Jia W. Sodium butyrate stimulates expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 in liver by
inhibition of histone deacetylase 3. Diabetes. 2012 Apr 1;61(4):797-806.
2. Lin Z, Tian H, Lam KS, Lin S, Hoo RC, Konishi M, Itoh N, Wang Y, Bornstein SR, Xu A, Li X. Adiponectin mediates the metabolic
effects of FGF21 on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in mice. Cell metabolism. 2013 May 7;17(5):779-89.
3. Huang Z, Zhong L, Lee JT, Zhang J, Wu D, Geng L, Wang Y, Wong CM, Xu A. The FGF21-CCL11 axis mediates beiging of white
adipose tissues by coupling sympathetic nervous system to type 2 immunity. Cell metabolism. 2017 Sep 5;26(3):493-508.
4. Li H, Wu G, Fang Q, Zhang M, Hui X, Sheng B, Wu L, Bao Y, Li P, Xu A, Jia W. Fibroblast growth factor 21 increases insulin
sensitivity through specific expansion of subcutaneous fat. Nature communications. 2018 Jan 18;9(1):1-6.
5. Pan X, Shao Y, Wu F, Wang Y, Xiong R, Zheng J, Tian H, Wang B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Han Z. Fgf21 prevents angiotensin ii-induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction by activation of ace2/angiotensin-(1–7) axis in mice. Cell metabolism. 2018 Jun 5;27(6):1323-37.
6. Pan Y, Wang B, Zheng J, Xiong R, Fan Z, Ye Y, Zhang S, Li Q, Gong F, Wu C, Lin Z. Pancreatic fibroblast growth factor 21
protects against type 2 diabetes in mice by promoting insulin expression and secretion in a PI3K/Akt signaling‐dependent manner.
Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. 2019 Feb;23(2):1059-71.
7. Pan Y, Hui X, Hoo RL, Ye D, Chan CY, Feng T, Wang Y, Lam KS, Xu A. Adipocyte-secreted exosomal microRNA-34a inhibits M2
macrophage polarization to promote obesity-induced adipose inflammation. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2019 Feb 1;129(2):834-49.
8. Geng L, Liao B, Jin L, Huang Z, Triggle CR, Ding H, Zhang J, Huang Y, Lin Z, Xu A. Exercise alleviates obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction via enhancing FGF21 sensitivity in adipose tissues. Cell reports. 2019 Mar 5;26(10):2738-52.
9. Yang BC, Wu SY, Leung PS. Alcohol ingestion induces pancreatic islet dysfunction and apoptosis via mediation of FGF21
resistance. Annals of translational medicine. 2020 Mar;8(6).
10. Zhang Y, Cao X, Chen L, Qin Y, Xu Y, Tian Y, Chen L. Exposure of female mice to perfluorooctanoic acid suppresses
hypothalamic kisspeptin‐reproductive endocrine system through enhanced hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 synthesis, leading to
ovulation failure and prolonged dioestrus. Journal of neuroendocrinology. 2020 May;32(5):e12848.
11. Zhou Y, Li C, Wang X, Deng P, He W, Zheng H, Zhao L, Gao H. Integration of FGF21 Signaling and Metabolomics in High-Fat
Diet-Induced Obesity. Journal of Proteome Research. 2021 Jul 9;20(8):3900-12.
12. Liu D, Gu J, Shao W, Pang J, Qian X, Jin T. Comparison of metabolic beneficial effects of Liraglutide and Semaglutide in male
C57BL/6J mice. Canadian Journal of Diabetes. 2021 Sep 8.
13. Wang Y, Zhang Y, Shi Z, Di T, Yu W, Chen L. Exposure of male mice to perfluorooctanoic acid induces anxiety-like behaviors by
increasing corticotropin-releasing factor in the basolateral amygdala complex. Chemosphere. 2022 Jan 1;287:132170.